Demographic traits in western Europe facilitated this “colonization.” The settlers—assured of non-public flexibility, fixed rents, and a few evaluate of self-administration and functioning beneath the so-known as German Law—Started new villages and cities or reorganized previous ones. Towns received official charters (Wrocław in 1242, Poznań in 1253, Kraków in 1257) https://polawede.tumblr.com/